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The Chemical Imbalance Myth Has Been Debunked

Thursday, September 04, 2025 | By: Dr. Melissa Hudson, LMFT-Supervisor

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The Chemical Imbalance Myth Has Been Debunked: Why Couples Therapy Helps Anxiety and Depression

For many years, people were told that depression and anxiety come from a "chemical imbalance" in the brain. The message was simple: your brain chemistry is off, and medication is the fix. This idea became popular in the late 20th century, fueled by pharmaceutical advertising.

But today, mental health researchers and professionals agree: the chemical imbalance theory is outdated and not supported by consistent evidence. In fact, studies show that people with depression and anxiety often have normal or even higher levels of serotonin and other brain chemicals.

Anxiety and Depression Are More Than Chemicals

If anxiety and depression are not just chemical, what causes them? Mental health conditions usually come from a mix of factors:

  • Biological vulnerability

  • Stress and trauma

  • Relationship dynamics

  • Environmental pressures

This is called the biopsychosocial model, and it tells us that mind, body, and life context all work together. Medication can be one tool, but pills alone do not teach coping skills, improve communication, or repair relationships.

Why Systemic Therapy Works

Systemic therapy looks at people in context. Instead of focusing only on symptoms inside one person, it asks how relationships, family patterns, and stressors play a role. This is why therapy that involves couples and families is often so effective for anxiety and depression.

The Benefits of Couples Therapy

Couples therapy is one of the best ways to address anxiety and depression because it works directly with the system you live in every day—your relationship.

Here is what couples therapy can do:

  • Reduce anxiety through connection. A secure, supportive relationship calms the nervous system and helps both partners regulate emotions.

  • Break negative cycles. Many couples fall into patterns of avoidance, criticism, or withdrawal that make symptoms worse. Therapy helps identify and change these cycles.

  • Build resilience together. When couples learn communication and emotional regulation skills, they become better equipped to handle stress, which improves both the relationship and each partner’s mental health.

A Better Path Forward

You are not broken by bad brain chemistry. Anxiety and depression are real, but they are not the result of a simple chemical imbalance. They are best understood through the lens of your biology, your life experiences, and your relationships.

Couples therapy and systemic therapy give you tools that medication alone cannot provide: emotional regulation, communication skills, and the ability to strengthen your most important relationship.

Learn More

If you want to explore this further, here are three excellent, easy-to-read resources:

  1. Harvard Health Publishing: What causes depression? (2022)
    health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/what-causes-depression

  2. Psychology Today: Depression Is Not Caused by Chemical Imbalance in the Brain (2022)
    psychologytoday.com/us/blog/insight-therapy/202207/depression-is-not-caused-chemical-imbalance-in-the-brain

  3. Quanta Magazine: The Cause of Depression Is Probably Not What You Think (2023)
    quantamagazine.org/the-cause-of-depression-is-probably-not-what-you-think-20230126


Build a Stronger, More Connected Relationship

Dr. Melissa Hudson is a PhD-level couples therapist serving the Dallas-Fort Worth area, including Frisco, Plano, Allen, The Colony, and Flower Mound. For over 15 years, she has helped couples strengthen communication, rebuild trust, and deepen their connection. Her approach blends warmth with research-backed strategies, addressing both the emotional and relational aspects of partnership.

Melissa works with couples navigating a wide range of challenges, from periods of disconnection to life transitions and changes in intimacy. She helps partners better understand themselves and each other, fostering emotional safety, healthier communication, and lasting closeness.

If you are ready to move beyond old patterns and create a stronger, more fulfilling relationship, Dr. Hudson offers a supportive space to begin that process.

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  • HOME
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    • How I Help
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    • Individual Counseling
    • Anxiety & Stress
  • MEET DR. HUDSON
  • FAQ
    • What To Expect
    • Testimonials
    • Resources & Links
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214-235-8175
LET'S CONNECT
SERVING FRISCO, TEXAS & SURROUNDING AREAS
24/7 CRISIS INFO